| Paper Title: |
An investigation of the addition of nicotinic acid, as a catalyst, to the pad liquor of a one-pass process for the continuous dyeing of polyester/cotton blends. |
| Author Name: |
Arshad Mehmood
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| Paper Abstract: |
Addition of nicotinic acid, as a potential catalyst, to the pad liquor of a one-pass continuous dyeing process was examined with a view to improving the visual color yield of a series of mono-functional (Procion PX) and bi-functional (Levafix CA) reactive dyes on the unmercerised cotton component of a polyester/cotton blend. A chromatographic study of the dye species, present on the fabric during the dyeing process, was conducted to produce evidence of in-situ formation of the more reactive quaternary species. The performance of the commercial monochlorotriazinyl dye (Procion Red PX-4B) in the one-pass continuous dyeing process was compared with its synthesized nicotinic acid derivative, to determine whether one might have expected improved color yield when nicotinic acid had been added (as a catalyst) to the pad liquor.
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| Paper Title: |
Antibacterial and Water Repellent Treatment of Woven Fabric for Surgical Reusable Gowns |
| Author Name: |
Vu Thi Hong Khanh |
| Paper Abstract: |
In order to respond to the protective requirement, the surgical gowns should not only be antibacterial for protection center against microbial attack but should also have blood barrier properties to prevent or minimize infection or transmission of diseases and to protect patients surgical staff from infectious fluids, it is very important to treat these textile materials with antibacterial and fluid repellent finishes [1,2]
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| Paper Title: |
Characterization of Basalt Filaments in Longitudinal Compression
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| Author Name: |
Jiřà Militký
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| Paper Abstract: |
Main problems of basalt fibers preparation are due to gradual crystallization of some structural parts (plagioclase, magnetite, pyroxene) and due to non-homogeneity of melt. The fresh basalt fibers are practically amorphous. Due to high temperature action these fibers have ability to partially crystallize. This modified form of basalt fibers can be more brittle and their strength can be too low. In this contribution the compressive characteristics of basalt filament yarns are presented. The compressive creep of basalt filament yarns under isothermal and non isothermal conditions are measured. The simple model based on the factorization of creep and temperature terms are used for data analysis. From compressive creep data the longitudinal compressive modulus was predicted by using of the simple rule of mixture. This rule is applied for linear composite consisted from the phase of Basalt filaments and epoxy resin matrix.
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| Paper Title: |
Cosmetotextiles |
| Author Name: |
B. Voncina
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| Paper Abstract: |
A Cosmetotextile is a textile article containing a substance or a preparation that is released over time on different superficial parts of the human body, notably on skin, and claiming special properties such as cleaning, perfuming, changing appearance, protecting, keeping in good condition or correcting of body odors [1]. Cosmetic preparations are usually in the liquid form so it is necessary to encapsulate them. A cosmeto textile is a product which combines a cosmetic preparation, a textile and a linking agent which is usually a capsule. Man-made encapsulation can be divided into two groups: micro encapsulation and molecular encapsulation. Microencapsulation is described as a process of enclosing micron-size particles of solids or droplets of liquids or gasses in an inert shell, which in turn isolates and protects them from the external environment. Molecular encapsulation involves all intermolecular interactions where covalent bonds are not established between the interacting species. The majority of these interactions are of the host-guest type.
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| Paper Title: |
Trends in User Friendly and Non-Destructive Testing of Mecha-Nical and Comfort Properties of Textile Fabrics and Garments
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| Author Name: |
Lubos Hes
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| Paper Abstract: |
Comfort and protection properties of fabrics and garments present became in recent decades most important properties of textile products with high added value.
Fabrics and garments with increased comfort level based on special fibers and sophisticated fabric structure are gaining world markets and bringing much higher benefits than common products. Nevertheless, their design and evaluation of their properties are quite complicated. Common instruments for the determination of sensorial and thermophysiological comfort of fabrics and garments are expensive, complicated and time consuming. Therefore, even very precise and technically excellent KAWABATA´s instruments are rarely used in the industry labs. It can be concluded, that textile and clothing industry, retailers, and big shopping centers require cheap, simple and friendly instruments, which should become a daily tool of technicians, which are in these units responsible for fabrics and garment quality. The paper brings a survey of methods and instruments, which enable easy and fast determination of selected fabric parameters, mainly of those influencing the fabric and garment comfort properties. Special attention is paid to instruments, which measure some complex comfort parameters or which allow measuring simultaneously several garment parameters even under the simulated conditions of their use, along with semi-automatic evaluation of the measurements.
Last chapter is also dedicated to description of comfort evaluation systems, which provide non-destructive testing of fabrics and garments
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| Paper Title: |
The effects of shearing time on wool characteristics in Baluchi sheep |
| Author Name: |
M. Salehi
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| Paper Abstract: |
The effects of number of shearing on the fleece characteristics including fleece weight (FW), staple length (SL), fibre length (FL), mean fibre diameter (MFD), coefficient of variation of fibre diameter (CVFD), tenacity (T) and breaking force (BF) were investigated using 50 Baluchi sheep. The animals were divided into two groups. The first group was shorn only once per year in spring but the second group was shorn twice, in spring and autumn. Accordingly the annual fleece weight of the second group was significantly higher than the first one (P<0.05). In addition significant difference was found for CVFD between the two groups (P<0.001). The number of shearing was not important for the other traits investigated in this study.
Keywords: Shearing, Fleece traits
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| Paper Title: |
The Effect of Laundering on Fabric Capillarity |
| Author Name: |
A.B. Nyoni and D. Brook |
| Paper Abstract: |
During use, out-door and performance textiles fabrics are exposed to soiling which comes from two different sources, namely, from the body of the wearer and from the environment therefore, it will be necessary at some stage to wash the fabrics. However, it is important that such a treatment does not alter the functional properties of these garments. This paper discusses the effect that laundering has on the wicking of fabrics made from nylon 6.6 yarns by determining the quality of the capillary channels in the inter-filament spaces, their size and distribution using the PMI Porometer. Results show that due to non-rigidity of the pore system the laundering action did not lead to the collapse of the capillary system of the fabrics but led to a re-arrangement of the inter-filament and inter-yarn capillaries.
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| Paper Title: |
The antimicrobial reagent role on the cellulose degradation |
| Author Name: |
D. Jausovec, B. Voncina
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| Paper Abstract: |
In the first part of the work the effect of antimicrobial reagent TMPAC 3-(trimethoxysilyl)- propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride on the cellulose biodegradation was studied. The cotton fabrics were finished with TMPAC and then exposed to the soil for varying periods of time. After then the morphological changes between untreated cotton fabrics and TMPAC treated cotton fabrics were investigated using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fourier–transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used for investigating the chemical changes of the samples which appear due to changes in cellulose molecule during the degradation process. The changes of crystalline and amorphous regions were investigated as well and subsequently degree of crystallinity was evaluated. Results show that application of antimicrobial reagent TMPAC on cotton fabrics influences biodegradation in comparison with untreated cotton fabrics.
Secondly, the concentrations of active TMPAC adsorbed by the cotton fabrics were investigated by UV-visible spectrometry (UV-VIS) of the residual solution after finishing and by color measurements of bromophenol blue (BPB) stained samples.
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| Paper Title: |
Technical textile: A Promising Future |
| Author Name: |
Mushtaq Mangat
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| Paper Abstract: |
Based on the different reports, it is believed that technical textile sector will put on a significant share in future. In addition, there are several drivers of growth prevailing. For example, changes in life style, requirement of specific products, process complexities, quest of better productivity, hazardous incidents, fast movement of vehicles, security situation, advancement in medical science, occurrence of extreme situation, terrorist attacks, protection of soldiers during war, and even threat of nuclear war have increased the demand of technical textile. Conversely, frequently inventions of material that have distinct qualities to withstand under extreme situations are one of the major drivers of growth on supply side. In current scenario, data shows that developed countries have major share in technical textile. This might be due to high tech nature of technical textiles. This study provides an insight of technical textile business, which may be helpful for firms having intention to enter in this market.
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| Paper Title: |
Aerospace Textiles |
| Author Name: |
Faheem Uddin
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| Paper Abstract: |
The use of textile fibers in producing the high- performance engineered clothing and products to serve specialized areas including aerospace has received an enhanced interest over the world. The development in engineered textiles is no longer an area of exploration limited to the industrialized countries; it is increasingly an activity with definite interest in cotton growing regions including India with an edge over the cotton region in neighborhood. There are some unusual characteristics in fibers to cross the boundary of home textiles. Lighter in weight, flexible in handling, soft in touch, strong like metals, highly resistant to severe weathering conditions, modifiable in geometry, and all these characteristics in an affordable price had provided the interesting novel applications. Textile fibers have captured an inevitable position in composition and as an integral part of product structure. Anti- gravity suits, clothing for space missions and parachute devices for moving objects in aerospace are few examples to signify the contribution rendered by the textile materials in space ventures. Therefore, the situation is becoming more demanding for engineered textiles through innovative utilization of fibers and investment in textile product development etc., over the past several decades.
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| Paper Title: |
A Study of the Structural Porosity of Melt Blown Lyocel Fibres |
| Author Name: |
Dr. Umer Farooq |
| Paper Abstract: |
Regenerated cellulosic fibers – the oldest man made fibres – continue to attract the interest and the attention of the fiber industry. This is mainly due to three characteristic features of the cellulosic fibers:
- Cellulose is the most abundant, natural and biodegradable polymer on earth.
- Cellulose is renewable via photosynthesis, compared to many synthetic polymers which depend on petrochemicals.
- Finally, cellulosic fibers have excellent moisture absorbency property which is an important requirement in textiles and nonwovens.
In spite of these attributes, the problems associated with the conventional processes of producing regenerated cellulosic fibers, for instance environmental pollution, hazardous by-products and high cost to productivity ratio, has resulted in a rapid decline of such fibers in recent times. Rigorous efforts to develop an alternative cleaner and more productive route of producing regenerated cellulosic fibers by different research institutions finally resulted in the launch of a new generic cellulosic fiber, ‘Lyocell’, in the late 80s.
Lyocell (lyo … from the Greek: lyein = dissolve, cell from cellulose) fibres are man made cellulosic fibers which are produced by regenerating cellulose into fiber out of a solution of cellulose in an organic solvent such as N-methylmorpholine-N- oxide (NMMO) . Lyocell is characterised by its environmentally friendly route of production and better fiber properties than the traditional regenerated man made cellulosic fibers.
The present work was conducted with an aim to investigate ways of improving the absorbency of melt blown lyocell fiber webs. The research was centred on studying the change in the fiber porosity by altering the conditions of fiber collecting bath, mainly the temperature. Physical factors, such as the diameter of the fiber, the state of the melt blown web, the area density of the web, web bonding etc., which can affect the resultant water absorbency were not considered in this particular work.
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| Paper Title: |
Making Polyester/Cotton Blend Fabrics Silk-Like
through Alkaline Oxidation |
| Author Name: |
A. Shams Nateri and Mostafa Goodarz
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| Paper Abstract: |
Making polyester/cotton blend fabrics silk-like through alkaline oxidation is a topochemical reaction and this is a reason for using this method to improving the polyester/cotton blend fibers properties. This method is based on oxidation of cotton fibers and reduce the degree of polymerization of cellulosic chains and also alkaline hydrolysis of polyester fiber. During this process, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide were used as oxidizing agent and alkali respectively. Fabrics treated by this method could loss weight up to 25% and finally get more desirable handle and also improve other properties such as hydrophilicity and dyeability and flexibility. In this study we want to investigate the effect of oxidation and alkaline treatment on physical properties of polyester/cotton blend fabrics.
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| Paper Title: |
Weaving of 3d Interlock Layer to Layer Carbon-Glass Reinforcement on a Conventional Loom
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| Author Name: |
Saad Nauman |
| Paper Abstract: |
Understanding and defining the architecture of textile reinforcement is indispensable in order to be able to weave it correctly according to the desired composite applications and predict the mechanical properties. Moreover it is also important to relate the desired geometrical architecture of textile reinforcement with the technological parameters. The geometry of a woven reinforcement depends upon several different factors such as the choice of fibers or filaments and count of yarn or multifilament tow, density of warp and weft tows, number of layers of the reinforcement and the weave type. Apart from these factors certain ‘on machine’ parameters can also influence the geometry and the architecture thus woven such as the tension in the warp and weft tows and choice of reed etc. This study focuses on establishing the salient features of a layer to layer interlock woven reinforcement made from carbon and glass tows and issues involved in its weaving from a single sheet of warp tows on a conventional loom are discussed. Samples were woven on the loom and later the photomicrographs of the sections were analysed. The results have revealed that 3D woven interlock reinforcement geometry is influenced by the structural and technological parameters and a careful selection of these parameters is a generic way of designing the desired architectures.
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| Paper Title: |
Determination of Twist per Inch Value |
| Author Name: |
Noman Haleem
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| Paper Abstract: |
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